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In February 2005, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
recommended a new vaccine for adolescents to prevent
meningococcal disease, an uncommon but serious infection.
Meningococcus
is a bacterium, which lives on the lining of the nose and throat
and is spread from one person to another by close personal
contact. Occasionally, the virus enters the bloodstream and
causes sever disease. The symptoms of bloodstream infection
include fever, chills, rash, low blood pressure and dark purple
spots on the arms and legs. Symptoms of meningitis include
fever, headache, confusion and stiff neck.
Every year in
the US approximately 2,500 people are infected with
meningococcus and 300 die from the disease. Also, about 400
people every year who survive infection have permanent
disabilities, such as seizures, loss of limbs, kidney disease,
deafness and mental retardation.
The highest
incidence of meningococcal disease occurs in infants less than 1
year of age. In children between 2 and 10 years of age, the
incidence of infections is very low, but starting in adolescence
the incidence of disease rises. Although adolescents are less
likely to be infected than infants, they are more likely to die
when infected.
The new
vaccine is recommended for all adolescents entering middle
school (11-12 years old) and high school (15 years old). It is
also suggested that all college freshmen, especially students
living in dormitories receive the meningococcal vaccine.
For more
information, please visit
vaccine.chop.edu.

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